Banks have always been a tempting target for thieves. Over the years, layers of physical defence and response have exiled major heists to the silver screen of Hollywood. However, as banks and insurers have transitioned to digital businesses, the hard-earned reputation for physical resilience, and the perception of this, has been challenged by the onset of cybercrime.

Although it was the financial crisis that shook the aura of general competence banks had carefully cultivated, hackers had been getting better in their ability long before this time. These days, attacks on payment settling systems, internet banking platforms, digital wallets and internal transfers have, in some cases, led to hundreds of millions of pounds in losses.