JP Morgan fined $2.1m for e-mail violations

JP Morgan has been fined $2.1m (€1.6m) for failing to retain e-mail messages sought in investigations by US regulators into conflicts of interest between investment-banking and equity research.

The bank will pay $700,000 each to the New York Stock Exchange, the Securities and Exchange Commission, the US regulator and the National Association of Securities Dealers, the industry watchdog.

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Ray Dalio Sells Last Stake in Bridgewater, the Hedge Fund That Made Him a BillionaireExternal link

Ray Dalio Sells Last Stake in Bridgewater, the Hedge Fund That Made Him a Billionaire