JP Morgan has opened up a commanding lead at the top of Europe's investment banking revenue rankings – with one month of dealmaking left in what has been a lacklustre year for fees.

As of November 30, the US bank had earned $1.1 billion in fees from capital markets and advisory work in Europe, the Middle East and Africa, according to Dealogic. This was $172 million more than Goldman Sachs in second, putting JP Morgan on course to pip its US rival to the crown for the second year running.